Amaranthaceae-Chenopodioideae: Spinacia oleracea (spinach)
Culture: Spinach does well with a combination of cool weather, short days, high soil fertility, ample water, and neutral pH (6.5-7.5). Sprinkle some limestone in the row as you plant if you think the soil is too acidic. Sow seed 1/2 in. deep directly into the garden as soon as the ground can be worked, and thin to 4-6 in. apart in rows 8-10 in. apart. Succession plantings can be made every 2 weeks. Temperatures above 60 degrees F for the first 6 weeks of growth may increase the tendency to bolt. Mulch the soil to reduce bolting by keeping the roots cool. As spring heats up plants get smaller and less sweet and bolt faster.
Fall Planting: High summer temperatures can kill small seedlings, so wait until a month before first fall frost to sow. Fall plantings give a more sustained harvest than spring plantings. Spinach grown in frosty weather has the largest and sweetest leaves. Some varieties tolerate 0 degrees F and over-winter to produce excellent spring crops.
Pests: For fall crops, sow seed 2-3 times as thick to help spinach survive grasshoppers.
Seed Savers: Grow only one variety or isolate by 1/4 mile for home use. For pure seed isolate by 1/2 to 1 mile.